About 15 thousand years ago, a domestic animal became a dog - a dog. In those days, people began to tame and train wolf cubs. Around the end of the last ice age, wolves became constant companions of humans. Subsequently, these new domestic animals learned to perform various tasks for people - guarding the site, tracking down game and protecting the herd. Gradually, different breeds of dogs emerged. Most of them are designed to perform specific tasks. Some dogs serve as shepherds, others as hunters. There are dogs - guide dogs for the blind, police dogs, and there are dogs that save people from avalanches and on the water.

Recently, more and more dogs, along with people, are taking part in rescuing people injured in earthquakes and trapped under the rubble of houses. Without them, the search for drugs and explosive devices planted by terrorists is unthinkable. Some are kept at home just for company.

Today there are about 400 breeds of dogs: shepherd dogs, guard and service dogs, terriers, hounds, pointing hunting dogs and spaniels, companion dogs, greyhounds and dachshunds.

Dogs are used as a traction force in places where other means of transportation are very difficult, and without sled dogs, northern peoples would hardly be able to populate the Far North. On dog sleds they move from place to place with all their belongings, visit each other in neighboring camps, bring home prey - seal, bear, deer, fish.

Shepherd dogs include such well-known breeds as German, Dutch shepherds, Scottish shepherds, or collies, bobtails and shelties. They were bred to help shepherds, to protect the herds and to bring up stray animals. Guard and service dogs include the Saint Bernard, Bernese Cattle Dog, Boxer, Bulldog, Great Dane, Doberman, Hovawart, Leonberger, Newfoundland, Pinscher, Giant Schnauzer and Rottweiler.

Terriers were bred to chase badgers and foxes out of their holes. These are small but brave hunting dogs with good scent. Famous breeds are also Airedale and Fox Terrier. Various breeds of greyhounds and basset hounds have also been bred for hunting - hound, beagle, brakke, griffon, Afghan hound, greyhound, greyhound and whippet. These dogs chase fleeing game and knock it to the ground or drive it.

Pointers and spaniels are intended for a different method of hunting. Such dogs smell the game and stand in front of it until the hunter arrives. After the shot, they grab the prey and bring it to the owner. This group of dogs includes, for example, Munsterlander, Pointer, Retriever, Setter, Spaniel and Weimaraner.

Companion dogs accompany a person. There are large and small breeds here. The most famous are the poodle, chow chow, Dalmatian, Pekingese and pug. Those who keep dogs at home need to remember that animals should not be overfed, and they also need to exercise every day.

Dogs have an excellent sense of smell, which they make the most of while walking. When meeting other dogs, they most often want to get to know them - give them this opportunity.

Dogs require time, patience, care and attention, and large dogs also need space, and if you are not able to provide this for them, it is better to give up the idea of ​​​​getting yourself a four-legged friend, otherwise you will doom him to a miserable existence.

The Dachshund is the oldest breed of burrowing dog, the formation of which began in the 16th century in Southern Germany.

The dachshund is widespread throughout the world; it is one of the most popular and beloved breeds on all continents. The dachshund today is perhaps the “richest” breed: it has nine varieties, three in coat and three in size, with a wide palette of colors.

Varieties of coat: smooth-haired, wire-haired, long-haired. The smooth-haired variety is bred most intensively in our country.

Varieties by size: standard, “dwarf”, “rabbit”.

The dachshund is a balanced dog, capable of long-term work, smart, cunning, resourceful, able to act decisively, wait it out, and compromise.

Aggression towards humans is extremely rare among representatives of the breed. Some dachshunds have developed guard qualities.

In general, a dachshund is a small, big dog.

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