Birds amaze with the variety of their shapes and colors. Birds are truly ubiquitous. They completely mastered the land and conquered the vast expanses of the ocean. Nomadic birds can be found anywhere on our planet, with the exception of the interior regions of Antarctica buried under the gigantic glaciers.

Throughout the long history of studying the organic world of the Earth, birds have attracted the greatest attention of scientists and therefore, in terms of the degree of their knowledge, they far surpassed all other groups of animals. Scientific interest in the mysteries of the world of birds continues to this day.

Birds were contemporaries of dinosaurs, but they safely survived until the dawn of human civilization and met jetliners in the sky. The world of living nature turned out to be fragile and defenseless in the face of the all-crushing expansion of man. Did birds really survive the fight against predatory dinosaurs only to find themselves on the brink of death from human indiscretion? There are hundreds of bird species around the world, and their habitats need protection. The colorful and diverse world of birds is the property of all inhabitants of the planet, and our common duty is to preserve it for future generations of earthlings.

The order of passerines includes a huge number of species and a large number of families. More than half of the bird species inhabiting the Earth belong to this order. However, the share of passerines in the avifauna is not the same everywhere. Most of them are in the forests of warm and hot latitudes; The further north you go, the fewer there are. For example, in the tundras of the north-east of the European part of the Russian Federation, only 29% of the total number of species recorded there belong to the passerine order, and in the north of Yakutia there are even fewer of them.

The vast majority of passerines are small birds, less than 25 cm long.

It is believed that representatives of the passerine order are the most highly developed birds. Three of their fingers are extended forward, and one is set back, which allows them to tenaciously grasp branches and settle among bushes and trees.

All passerines are characterized by more or less carefully made nests. The chicks are born helpless and remain in the nest for some time - they are fed by their parents.

The house sparrow is one of the most widely known birds of the Tkachikov family. Sparrows are small birds, stocky, with a moderately long, strong beak, wings short and wide. The tail is short, with a slight notch at the end. The weight of the house sparrow is 23-35g. The general color of its plumage is brownish-brown above, whitish below. The male is distinguished from the female by a large black spot covering the chin, throat, crop and upper chest.

House sparrows have chosen human settlements around the globe as a place for obtaining food and nesting. To date, these birds have inhabited the eastern half of Australia, New Zealand, the southern half of South America, almost all of North America, and a significant part of South Africa.

In Russia, the house sparrow is widespread. He lives in cities, workers' settlements and villages, as well as in natural areas. It builds nests under the roofs of houses, in crevices of adobe buildings, and in artificial nesting boxes that are hung for insectivorous hollow-nesting birds. The clutch consists of 5-6 white or grayish-blue eggs with brown spots. In some southern regions of the country it causes serious damage to crops of grain and oilseeds; in the northern regions, the house sparrow is a useful bird that destroys garden pests. Sparrow chicks are fed insects and unripe plant seeds.

Sparrows do not fly away for the winter. They gather in flocks and stay closer to human habitation. In snowy, harsh winters, it is very important to help birds survive bad weather.

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